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- MILESTONES, Page 87She Knew What She WantedMary McCarthy: 1912-1989
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- By Martha Duffy
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- She always thought of herself as old-fashioned. Throughout
- her enormously industrious 50-year literary career, she plinked
- away on a manual typewriter, spurned electrical kitchen gadgetry
- and never took out a credit card. But Mary McCarthy was
- incorrigibly modern and, in spite of herself, a celebrated
- pioneer to generations of young women.
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- She opened the way by ignoring the constraints -- and
- prerogatives -- of gender. She emerged from Vassar ('33) a
- handsome girl with an open Irish face, natural style and a
- gleeful grin, and she entered the fierce leftist circles in New
- York City. It was a largely male world, but McCarthy was too
- smart and too fearless not to make her mark, mostly in articles
- and criticism in Partisan Review. When challenging the moral
- underpinnings of political debates -- then it was the split
- between Stalinists and Trotskyites (she was one of the latter);
- later it would be Viet Nam and Watergate -- she could be a
- scourge. Her wit, like a swift breeze, blew the hats off
- countless swelled heads, and most of the pedestals she set askew
- supported men.
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- When she started writing fiction in 1942, she was equally
- forthright about sex, especially the consequences of it for a
- woman. Her novels contain rakingly funny scenes about drunken
- late-night encounters and the scarlet flush of embarrassment
- that starts at the nape of the neck the morning after. A Charmed
- Life (1955) traced a wife's exacting moral dilemma over an
- abortion. McCarthy claimed for serious fiction the terrain of
- a woman's domestic strategies, her finances, her female
- friendships, her minute biological concerns. Every syllabus on
- feminist literature is indebted to her.
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- Critic Elizabeth Hardwick called Mc Carthy's voice "urbane
- and puritanical, an original and often daunting mixture." That
- voice rang through seven novels and many more books of
- reportage, criticism and essays. "She had a sharp ear and a
- lively natural style," McCarthy wrote of the writer heroine of
- A Charmed Life, and, as was often the case, the author was
- describing herself.
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- Her most eloquent book, Memories of a Catholic Girlhood
- (1957), recounted her own story. Born in Seattle, she spent six
- idyllic years in a buoyant, prosperous family. But the flu
- epidemic of 1918 claimed both her parents, and she and her three
- brothers (including the actor Kevin McCarthy) were shunted off
- to miserable privation with a grandaunt and granduncle.
- Eventually, Mary was rescued by grandparents, who educated her
- in convent schools. She was to have four marriages, including
- a stormy eight years with critic Edmund Wilson.
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- In 1963 she published The Group, a novel about Vassar girls
- of her era and their belief in the invincibility of progress.
- It was her most popular work, a best seller and a hit movie.
- After that she became a public figure, living in Paris and Maine
- with her fourth husband, diplomat James West, and was often
- photographed, keen-eyed and smiling, in a smart Chanel suit. She
- virtually made a religion of friendship. Says the poet James
- Merrill: "She cooked for you, read what you wrote, sent
- marvelous letters. I don't know anyone who maintained such a
- high quality of friendship."
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- In 1980 she ignited one more controversy, accusing
- playwright Lillian Hellman, a master mythologist of herself and
- others, of being a dishonest writer. Hellman sued but died
- before the case came to trial. Characteristically, McCarthy rued
- the loss of her day in court.
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- Her most autumnal public moment came in a speech at the
- MacDowell Colony five years ago. "We all live our lives more or
- less in vain," she said. "The fact of having a small name
- should not make us hope to be exceptions, to count for something
- or other." For once, this piercing observer and tough social
- critic was wrong. She was emphatically an exception, and she
- counted.
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